{"id":3084,"date":"2024-02-29T04:58:58","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T04:58:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/?page_id=3084"},"modified":"2024-03-19T03:52:56","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T03:52:56","slug":"statement-on-nuclear-weapons-by-international-civilian-leaders","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/statement-on-nuclear-weapons-by-international-civilian-leaders\/","title":{"rendered":"Statement on Nuclear Weapons by International Civilian Leaders"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

Statement on Nuclear Weapons
\nby International Civilian Leaders<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
\n
2 February 1998<\/h6>\n

 <\/p>\n

The end of the Cold War has wrought a profound transformation of the international political and security arena.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Idelogical confrontation has been supplanted by burgeoning global relations across every field of human endeavor. There is intense alienation but also civilized discourse. There is acute hostility but also significant effort for peaceful resolution in place of violence and bloodshed.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Most importantly, the long sought prospect of a world free of the apocalyptic threat of nuclear weapons is suddenly within reach. This is an extraordinary moment in the course of human affairs, a near miraculous opportunity to realize that noble goal. But, it is also perishable: the specter of nuclear proliferation cannot be indefinitely contained. The urgent attention and best efforts of scholars and statesmen must be brought to bear.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Leaders of the nuclear weapons states, and of the de facto nuclear nations, must keep the promise of nuclear disarmament enshrined in the Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1970 and clarified and reaffirmed in 1995 in the language codifying its indefinite extension.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

They must do so by commencing the systematic and progressive reduction and marginalization of nuclear weapons, and by declaring unambiguously that their goal is ultimate abolition.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Many military leaders of many nations have warned that all nations would be more secure in a world free of nuclear weapons. Immediate and practical steps toward this objective have been arrayed in a host of compelling studies, most notably in the Report of the Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Among these proposals, we, the undersigned, fully subscribe to the following measures:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Remove nuclear weapons from alert status, separate them from their delivery vehicles, and place them in secure national storage.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
  • Halt production of fissile materials for nuclear weapons.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
  • End nuclear testing, pending entry into force of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
  • Launch immediate U.S.\/Russian negotiations toward further, deep reductions of their nuclear arsenals, irrespective of START II ratification.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
  • Unequivocal commitment by the other declared and undeclared nuclear weapon states to join the reduction process on a proportional basis as the U.S. and Russia approach their arsenal levels, within an international system of inspection, verification, and safeguards.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
  • Develop a plan for eventual implementation, achievement and enforcement of the distant but final goal of elimination.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The foregoing six steps should be undertaken immediately.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

    The following additional steps should be carefully considered, to determine whether they are presently appropriate and feasible:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Repatriate nuclear weapons deployed outside of sovereign territory.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • Commit to No First Use of nuclear weapons.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • Ban production and possession of large, long-range ballistic missiles.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • Account for all materials needed to produce nuclear weapons, and placethem under international safeguards.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      The world is not condemned to live forever with threats of nuclear conflict, or the anxious, fragile peace imposed by nuclear deterrence. Such threats are intolerable and such a peace unworthy.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      The sheer destructiveness of nuclear weapons invokes a moral imperative for their elimination.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      That is our mandate. Let us begin.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      International Civilian Leaders
      \nwho have signed the Statement on Nuclear Weapons<\/h3>\n

       <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Argentina \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Raul Alfonsin,<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Australia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Malcom Fraser,<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Gough Whitlam,<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nFormer Foreign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kim C. Beazley,<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nLeader of the Opposition
      \nFormer Deputy Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Richard Butler<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nAmbassador to U.N.
      \nChair, U.N. Special Commission on Iraq
      \nChair, Canberra Commission<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Gareth Evans<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Foreign Minister
      \nDeputy Leader of the Opposition
      \nMember of Parliament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bangladesh \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      A.D.M.S. Chuwdhury<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nDeputy Opposition Leader, Parliament
      \nFormer Deputy Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Muhammad Yunus<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nManaging Director, Grameen Bank<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Brazil \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jose Sarney<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nSenator Calso<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      L.N. Amorim<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Foreign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bulgaria \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Nicolai Dobrev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nChair, National Security Committee, Parliament
      \nFormer Minister of Interior<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Nicolai Kamov<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nChair, Foreign Affairs Committee, Parliament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Dimitra Pavlov<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMinister of Defense<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Canada \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Pierre Trudeau<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Douglas Roche<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Ambassador for Disarmament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Chile \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Juan Somavia<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nAmbassador to U.N.
      \nPast President, UN Security Council<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      China \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Qian Jiadong<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Chinese Ambassador to U.N.<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Chen Jifeng<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nSecretary General, Chinese People’s Association for Peace and Disarmament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Colombia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Misael Pastrana Borrero<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President
      \n(Deceased Aug. 1997)<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Costa Rica \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jose Figueres<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Oscar Arias<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Rodrigo Carazo<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Rebeca Grynspan Mayufis<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nSecond Vice President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Rodrigo Oreamuno<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFirst Vice President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Cyprus \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      George Vassiliou<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President
      \nPresident, United Democrats<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Egypt \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Esmat Abdul Meguid<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nSecretary General, League of Arab States
      \nFormer Foreign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Finland \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kalevi Sorsa<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      France \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Michel Rocard<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nChair, Committee on Development and Cooperation, European Parliament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jacques Attali<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Special Advisor to President Mitterand<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Georgia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Eduard A.\u00a0Shevardnadze<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Germany \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Helmut Schmidt<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Chancellor
      \nHonorary Chair, International Council<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Han Modrow<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister, East Germany<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Egon Bahr<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister for Special Affairs<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Angelika Beer<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nSpokesperson for Defense, \u00f3\u0003
      \nAlliance 90\/Green Party\u00f3\u0003
      \nMember, Bundestag<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Alfred Dregger<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nHon. Chair, Christian Democratic Party
      \nMember, Bundestag<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hans Koschnik<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Administrator, European Union, \u00d4_\u0010\u0006\u0005\u0001\u0010\u00d4Mostar\u00d4_\u0010\u0006\u0004\u0001\u0010\u00d4\u00f3\u0003\u00f3\u00d0\u0004\u0015<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Markus Meckel<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Foreign Minister, East Germany
      \nMember, Bundestag<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Dr. Walter Romberg<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister of Finances, East Germany<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Lothar Speth<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister-President, Baden-Wurttemberg<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hans-Jochen Vogel<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Mayor, Berlin
      \nFormer Minister of Justice
      \nFormer Chair, Social Democratic Party<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hungary \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ervin Laszlo<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFounder and President, Club of Budapest<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Israel \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Yael Dayan<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMember, Kneset<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Japan \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tsutomu Hata<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Morihiro Hosokawa<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kiichi Miyazawa<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tomiichi Murayama<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Noboru Takeshita<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Takako Doi<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Speaker, House of Representatives
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Masaharu Gotoda<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Vice Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Takashi Hiraoka<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMayor, Hiroshima<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Iccho Ito<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMayor, Nagasaki<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Yohei Kono<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Vice Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hyosuke Kujiraoka<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Vice Speaker, House of Representatives
      \nMember, Diet<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kenzaburo Oe<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nNobel Laureate<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kyrgyz Republic \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Askar Akaev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Muratbek Imanaliev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nForeign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Rosa Otunbaeva<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Foreign Minister
      \nAmbassador to U.K.<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Lebanon \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sadim El.Hoss<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Malaysia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      IsmailRazali<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident, UN General Assembly<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mexico \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Miguel de la Madrid<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mongolia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Punsalmaa Ochirbat<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jalbuu Choinhor<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nAmbassador to U.S.<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Namibia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sam Junoma<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Lagumont Harris<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ruben Kun<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMember, Parliament
      \nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      David Peter<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Speaker, Parliament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Netherlands \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ruud Lubbers<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMinister of State<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Andries van Agt<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nChair, Interaction Council<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Korthals Altes<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Ambassador to Madrid<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      J. van Houwelingen<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Deputy Minister of Defence<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      J.G. Kraaijeveld Wouters<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister of Defence<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Dr. D.J.H. Kruisinga<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister of Defence<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mr. J. de Ruiter<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Minister of Defence<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Prof. Dr. J.C. Terlouw<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Deputy Prime Minister,
      \nMinister for Economic Affairs<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      New Zealand \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      David Lange<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sir Geoffrey Palmer<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      North Ireland \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mairead Maguire<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nHonorary President, Peace People
      \nNobel Peace Laureate<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Pakistan \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Prince\u00a0Sadruddin\u00a0Aga\u00a0Khan<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer\u00a0UN\u00a0High\u00a0Commissioner\u00a0for\u00a0Refugees
      \nPresident, Bellerive Foundation<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mahbub ul Haq<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident, Human Development Centre
      \nFormer Minister of Finance
      \nPrincipal Architect of UN’s Annual Human Development Report<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Panama \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ricardo de la Espriella<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Philippines \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Corazon Aquino<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Portugal \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Republic of Korea \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Shin Hyon Hwak<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Russia \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Egor Gaidar<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nDirector,\u00a0Research\u00a0Institute\u00a0for\u00a0the\u00a0Economy\u00a0in\u00a0Transition<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mikhail Gorbachev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Georgi Arbatov<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident, Governing Board, Institute of USA and Canada<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Alexander Bessmertnykh<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Soviet Foreign Minister
      \nFormer Soviet Ambassador to US
      \nPresident, Foreign Policy Association<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Vitaly Goldansky<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident, Russian Pugwash Committee
      \nAcademician<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Roland Timerbaev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Permanent Representative of the USSR and Russia in IAEA
      \nPresident, Center for Political Studies of Russia<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Euvgeny Velikhov<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMember, National Security Council
      \nAcademician<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Alexander N. Yakovlev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nChair, President’s Commission on Rehabilitation of
      \nRepression Victims
      \nChair, Russian Public Television;
      \nFormer Member, Politburo
      \nPrincipal Domestic Advisor to President Gorbachev<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      South Africa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      F.W. De Klerk<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President
      \nMember, Parliament
      \nNational Leader, National Party<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bishop Desmond Tutu<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Spain \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Enrique Baron Crespo<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMember, European Parliament
      \nFormer President, European Parliament
      \nFormer Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Fernando Moran Lopez<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nChair, Committee on Institutional Affairs, European Parliament
      \nFormer Foreign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sri Lanka \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      A.T. Ariyaratne<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nLeader, Sarvodaya Movement
      \nGandhi Peace Prize, 1996<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Anura Bandaranaike<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nMember, Parliament
      \nFormer Minister of Education
      \nFormer Leader of Opposition<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jayantha Dhanapala<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident, NPT Review and Extension Conference, 1995
      \nFormer Ambassador to U.S.<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Suriname \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      I.M. Djwalapersad<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nSpeaker, Assembly<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sweden \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Goran Persson<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPrime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ingvar Carlsson<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Maj Britt Theorin<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Chair, UN Commission of Experts on
      \nNuclear Weapons
      \nMember, European Parliament<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tanzania \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Al Hassan Mwinyi<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Julius K. Nyerere<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President
      \nChair, South Commission<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Salim Ahmed Salim<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nSecretary General, Organization of African Unity
      \nPresident, U.N. General Assembly, 34th Session<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Joseph Warioba<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nJudge, International Tribunal on Law of the Seas<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Thailand \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Anand Panyarachun<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Uganda \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Milton Obote<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Dr.\u00a0Paul\u00a0Kaeanga\u00a0Ssemogerere<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Deputy Prime Minister\/Foreign Minister<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Naphali Akena Adoko<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Chief of State Security<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Justice Emmanuel Oteng<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Acting Chief Justice<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      United Kingdom \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Lord James Callaghan<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Prime Minister
      \nMember, House of Lords<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Lord Denis Healey<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Secretary of Defense
      \nFormer Chancellor of Exchequer<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      John Edmunds<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer Chief Negotiator, CTBT
      \nFormer Head, Arms Control & Disarmament,
      \nForeign Office<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Betty Williams<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nNobel Peace Laureate<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      United States \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Jimmy Carter<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nFormer President<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Zimbabwe \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/big><\/big><\/span><\/b><\/center><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Dr. RobertMugabe<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\nPresident<\/span><\/b><\/big><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

       <\/p><\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Statement on Nuclear Weapons by International Civilian Leaders 2 February 1998   The end of the Cold War has wrought a profound transformation of the international political and security arena. Idelogical confrontation has been supplanted by burgeoning global relations across every field of human endeavor. There is intense alienation but also civilized discourse. There …<\/p>\n

      Statement on Nuclear Weapons by International Civilian Leaders<\/span> Lire la suite\u00a0\u00bb<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3084","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-weapons"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3084"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3122,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3084\/revisions\/3122"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ccnr.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}